When a child strains to follow directions, mixes up words that have similar sounds, or seems distracted in noisy setting, parents might question if hearing loss is the problem. But in some situations, the problem might not be with the ears at all: It could be a disorder called auditory processing disorder (APD).
Even though hearing loss and Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) frequently present with similar signs, they are distinct conditions that necessitate unique analyses and treatments. In this article, we will discover the key differences to help you give your child the support they need.
Comprehending Hearing Impairment: A Definition.
Hearing loss describes a reduced ability to detect sound, often a result of problems in the outer, middle, or inner ear.
There are three main types:
- Conductive hearing loss: Caused by obstructions or damage in the outer or middle ear (like ear infections or wax buildup)
- Sensorineural hearing loss: Consists of damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve, often caused by aging, noise exposure, or genetics
- Mixed hearing loss: A combination of conductive and sensorineural types
Physicians typically make a diagnosis through standard hearing assessments like audiograms, otoacoustic emissions, or auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing. When a child experiences hearing loss, the issue is with their ability to perceive sound at all.
What Does Auditory Processing Disorder Mean?
APD, on the other hand, is not a hearing issue; it’s a brain-based issue with interpreting sounds. Kids with APD can hear perfectly fine, but they have trouble making sense of what they hear.
It’s frequently described as “hearing but not understanding.”
Some common challenges include:
- Trouble understanding and carrying out verbal directions involving multiple steps
- Trouble distinguishing similar sounds or words
- Struggling in loud environments (like classrooms or restaurants)
- Having difficulty recognizing humor, irony, or expressions that aren’t meant to be taken literally
Because the ears work normally, a standard hearing test might come back showing no problems. However, it does not indicate that everything is operating properly. In Auditory Processing Disorder, the problem happens not with hearing the sound itself, but instead with how the brain translates and processes the sound after it has been sensed.
How Testing and Diagnosis Differ
To diagnose hearing loss, audiologists use traditional hearing exams that measure sound detection. Diagnosing APD, on the other hand, calls for specialized testing that goes beyond detecting sound.
Multidisciplinary teams will usually include:
- A hearing specialist to evaluate how the brain senses sound
- A specialist in speech and language to assess understanding and expression skills
- A psychologist to rule out attention or learning differences that may appear similar to APD
Treatment and Support Solutions
Treatment options for children with hearing loss diagnosis:
- Hearing aids
- Cochlear implants
- Assistive listening devices
- Medical or surgical interventions
Or, if your child is diagnosed with APD, assistance typically involves:
- Speech-language therapy
- Classroom accommodations (e.g., seating changes, written instructions)
- Environmental modifications to reduce background noise
- Auditory processing therapy
Some Concluding Thoughts About Hearing Loss vs. APD
Understanding the difference between hearing loss and auditory processing disorder is essential for getting your child the best support. If your child seems to struggle with listening but their hearing test is normal, don’t stop there. The real problem may only be identified by more in-depth evaluations. Children with the appropriate diagnosis and customized treatment approach can succeed academically, in their home environment, and in various other aspects of their lives.
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Sources:.
About Hearing Loss in Children|Hearing Loss in Children|CDC.
Auditory processing disorder (APD)– Symptoms and causes– Mayo Clinic.
Auditory Processing Disorder vs. Hearing Loss: Key Differences.
Understanding the Differences: Auditory Processing Disorder vs. Hearing Loss|Hearing.
Associates of Las Vegas.
Auditory Processing Disorder (for Parents)|Nemours KidsHealth.